Myeloid immune cells are the initiators of innate immune responses and are the core immune group that conjugates innate and adaptive immunity. In the past decade, immunotherapy strategies and protocols based on myeloid immune cells have brought revolutionary breakthroughs in the treatment of major diseases such as tumor and autoimmune diseases. On January 15, 2025, the "2nd Frontier Research Progress of Myeloid Immune Cells" seminar co-organized by Professor Lai Guan Ng was successfully held in Dali, Yunnan. The conference further strengthened academic exchanges in the field of myeloid immune cell research.